The cause of arthrosis of the knee joint

The deforming arthrosis of the knee joint is called gonartrosis in medicine-This is a degenerative-district disease in the hyaline cartilage, which covers the femur and tibia condyles.

With arthrosis of the knee joint, the symptoms develop gradually, for years, the main manifestation of the disease is pain, stiffness during movement. Gone gonetrosis considered the most common disease among arthrosis of other joints, such as hip arthrosis, elbow arthritis or shoulder joints, and phalanges of the fingers.

Most often, the disease affects faces over 40, women are more susceptible to arthrosis. Sometimes it develops in young people against the background of damage or at athletes from excess loads.

Knee arthrosis: symptoms, causes, stages of disease

Symptoms of knee arthrosis.

There may be some symptoms of a serious disease (bone arthritis, joints), and not all occur immediately, but gradually after cartilage tissue.

Consider the symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint at all stages (stages) of the disease.

In the initial stage, the patient has a minimum discomfort, but also a slight but sharp pain in the knee joint begins to appear. A problem becoming a long trip or walk becomes problematic. Further, the pain that endured the body begins to deteriorate and the person already becomes uncomfortable on the knees, after some physical exercises or when rising from sitting positions when there is a load on the bottom of the limbs. In such cases, they feel a sharp pain in the cartilage or in the knee joint. Such pain leaves quickly, but whenever it turns.

In the next stage of the disease, not only painful sensations have improved, but also begin to modify the knee. Due to the fluid accumulated in the cartilage tissue, the knees can become spherical and slightly swollen.

Further, everything is worse. If the disease is not treated, the blood circulation process is disturbed in the knee, the area of the hiali cartilage dries, and the cartilage itself can be crack, after which it will begin to collapse, and different types of growth will begin to appear in the bone structure. At this stage, the movement of the cartilage is already very difficult, and every step is given to a person with difficulty. Walking causes severe pain, which practically does not end, and discomfort occurs, cartilage degeneration occurs.

The last stage of the disease is when the knee joint is already completely affected, no cartilage fabric in the knee, and a person without support can simply not sit and stand up, cannot move completely, without experiencing severe pain in such movements.

Symptoms that need to be reacted. A person should react even when the pain that appears in the knee begins in the smallest stresses and stresses in the leg, when when you walk or clarify, a knee cramp occurs, when movements move for it, its feet get tired quickly, the swelling appears on the knees. What should you do if the joints hurt? If the knee joints began to hurt or had a sharp pain in the cups when you get up and sit down, immediately advise a doctor. Do not wait until the arthrosis of the knee joint thoroughly strikes the joint and knee cartilage, go to the doctor as soon as you have felt the first symptoms of the disease. Remember, when the disease already impresses the cartilage tissue completely, bone deformity occurs, and the pain does not fall per day or at night, or when it walks, or without it. When to contact a rheumatologist? A person should turn to a rheumatologist in the first manifestations (symptoms) of the disease. The main symptoms of arthrosis. The main symptoms of knee arthrosis, on which you should build your attention: the pains of any intensity and strength on the knee or a knee, which are felt by a person when they rise from a sitting or lying position when you walk; Pain manifested in knee cups during elevators on the stairs; The appearance of pain syndrome immediately after a person comes out of a resting state, for example, rises after sitting down and begins to move.

Causes of knee joint arthrosis.

Knee joint arthritis can hit a person for a number of reasons - this is age (over the years the cartilage crack), and intense physical therapy in the legs or heels, and different types of knee injuries, and much more.

The main reasons for the development of arthrosis:

Overweight. Old age. Inheritance. Osteoporosis. Lack in the body of vitamins and beneficial traces necessary for bones. Specific work with constant loads on knee cups. Metabolic disorders. Sport (intense training, load on one leg or both feet). Knee injuries.

To avoid disability, you should consult a timely rheumatologist for qualified assistance.

Happens what happens with joining arthritis.

At each stage of the disease, its modifications occur in the cartilage, in the joints and knee bones.

So, at the beginning of the development of the disease, the cartilage softens tightly, becomes very vulnerable. Moreover, the small microcts and tears, which gradually grow, appear on the surface of the joints. The next stage - the cartilage begins to grow and grow in thickness. The last stage is the complete destruction of the cartilage in a specific or specific section of the joint.

Knee joint arthrosis, disease rate

All rheumatologists discover the three stairs of human knee arthrosis.

It is overtaken by a slight narrowing of the electronic games directly between the nodes themselves, which leads to small discomfort and no restriction of movements.

The second. Above it, doctors mark a marked narrowing of the cracks between the joints, the formation of osteophytes and cysts, the appearance of a strong knee.

Third and last. Above it there is a change in osteophyte forms, a partial or complete bone change occurs, the movement of the knees on the knees becomes impossible.

The arthrosis rate of the knee joint

Knee joint arthrosis 1 degree. At this stage, the disease is only appearing, the cartilage is almost full and the bones do not deform. At this time, people feel rare in the knee glasses with some, even the frivolous loads on their legs. These pains pass, but then they are born again and again, pass and appear again, can already begin more frequent, can begin swelling, which, according to patient observation, is done without taking any pills and the use of ointments. Knee joint arthrosis 2 degrees. This phase is already characterized by slightly major pain compared to the initial phase. Pain occurs not only if there is an intense load, but also with ordinary walking, when severity rises, when it rises from a sedentary position. A special knee crisis begins to hear. Already in the indicated stage it gradually, slowly or intensely (depending on the individuality of the body), the node is deformed, human movements become limited. Knee joint arthrosis 3 degrees. After all, and this is the third, the extent of our illness, the symptoms are already very much expressed, the pain in the knee joints is regular, and the modification of bones is already visible from the eye. Human mobility is almost completely limited, it is very difficult for the patient to choose a suitable position for himself, the pain does not fall.

Knee joint arthrosis - symptoms and treatment

General symptoms include:

feeling pain in knee cups when a person moves (the onset of illness); pain in the affected areas, which becomes stronger daily; night pain in the knee joints; edema in areas affected by the disease; Severe dry knee crisis; Bone deformity in places affected by the disease.

The main symptoms of knee joint arthrosis

The main symptoms (the main, according to doctors) of arthrosis are four.

These include:

pain during knee movement; dry crisis in affected places; reducing the ability to move sick feet; Changes outer affected areas (full or partial). Diagnosis and treatment for knee joint arthrosis.

By carefully examining the patient, the rheumatologist evaluates the situation, turning his gaze into visible changes from the eye to areas of a knee or both and their direct mobility. The test method sets the pain sites and crisis, as well as the intensity of these pains.

In addition to an X -ray for the patient, the doctor prescribes calculated tomography and (or) MRI. These studies are needed to establish an accurate diagnosis and describe the correct treatment.

Knee arthrosis treatment, methods of treatment

Treatment of arthrosis of each phase of the knee joint includes:

treatment methods using medication; treatment methods using exercise therapy and special physiotherapy; treatment methods using the most common massage; Surgical intervention.

What gives effective therapy.

Effective therapy prescribed by a physician contributes to:

removal of sharp pain; Resetting the destroyed tissue tissue (if possible, the result depends on the degree of the disease); Increasing joint mobility.

In the elimination of knee arthrosis, exercise therapy plays a special role, a special diet based on legumes and dairy products and massage. If the therapy prescribed for one reason or another did not show the desired result, the patient is prescribed an operation to install a special prosthesis that replaces the joint.

Knee joint arthrosis: treatment, drugs

A competent treatment with arthritis of the cartilage tissue of the knee joint (cartilage breach) determined by the rheumatologist involves an entire complex of the drug. This treatment complex usually includes:

Nesteroid, aimed at removing inflammation, medication. Chondroprotectors. Special creams or ointments. Therapeutic agents on the basis of which compresses are made.

Most often, for the treatment of knee cartilage arthrosis, doctors prescribe ibuprofen of each manufacturer, indomethacin also of any production, Ketoprofen, Diclofenac, pyroxics and others.

The appointment of these medicines contributes to the rapid elimination of pain, as a result of which the patient may begin fruitful treatment in other ways - the method of massage, medical exercises, etc.

As for ointments, most often for the patient use (friction with massage motion in the injured area) of such medicines in the form of dense ointments (creams) and gel, such as diclofenac, fastum, ferbedon, transistivazine, dolgit and others.

The list of special gels and ointments - external preparations for the joints in the modern pharmacological market are very wide and varied, and therefore, with the recommendation of a physician, the patient may choose from the most appropriate and effective number specifically in his case.

Some of the most popular recipes for traditional medicine against knee arthrosis.

Treatment with a burial or the most common. For treatment, it is necessary (it is necessary to get three buried sheets (it is best to get new leaves), attach them to the sore knee and wrap them with a gauze, which is sold at any pharmacy, or bandage. On top of Marley, it is also best to use a warm scarf. With arthrosis and juice of the plant, celandine will help. You need to buy or get celandine juice yourself. After saturated with such a liquid a linen or any other natural fabric, apply it to a sore place for 45-55 minutes. Once you have removed the bandage, immediately the joining fats with any vegetable oil. Repeat the treatment for at least 10 days, then take the same rest and repeat the course again. Treatment of arthrosis by a dandelion. For such therapy, it will be necessary to make a collection of flowers of a flowering dandelion. To get the right effect, popular healers recommend that patients eat five dandelion flowers daily on an empty stomach, previously lowered in warm boiled water and washed in it. In addition, from the dandelion flowers, you can make a special grinding infusion. To do this, take a bank, which is previously treated with boiling water, half filled with dandelion flowers and poured (the second half of the jar) from conventional from each triple cub. The product is placed in a dark place and closes under the lid. After 30 days, the infusion can be used to rub the sore stains. Friction movements are carried out in the direction of clock scorpions for 20-30 seconds per knee.

After using these compresses, about 75% of patients mark a significant improvement in their condition, a decrease in pain and almost complete disappearance of a characteristic knee crust.

MUSTRemember that recipes for traditional medicine do not treat the disease, they can only complement the therapeutic course of treatment with medication, making this course more effective.

If you prepare any of the tools of traditional medicine or prepare the raw materials correctly for such a tool, you are not in independent state, it is best to buy such ingredients at a pharmacy or ask to collect wise men (popular healer, grandmother).

Therapeutic

A special place in the treatment of knee arthritis is occupied by special therapeutic gymnastics (exercise therapy). It is prescribed for patients, regardless of the treatment process in order to improve flow and blood flow to a affected area, increase muscle strength and prevent contractions. Shown along with the use of special medicines.

LFK for arthritis is not at all a specific treatment, it is an auxiliary method to combat the disease that is prescribed in combination with a course of special medicines.

Some therapeutic gymnastics exercises for treatment and prevention:

It is necessary to go to a difficult place (floor). Bend and stretch your knees immediately with both legs. It is recommended to repeat the exercises for 3-5 minutes as often as possible per day. The load on both legs should be the same. Lying on the back, on the floor, cross your legs with scissors (foot on foot, first right foot from above, then down), keeping your knees in an exposed state. Such movements are recommended to be repeated daily. Exercises should not cause discomfort, with pain it is best to abandon such an exercise. Lying on your back, in a rigid place, pushing it in the other side into your stomach, bending another leg to the knee. These movements, made daily, will help you exclude from the danger zone. The exercises are recommended to be repeated daily for 3-4 minutes as often as possible. The load on both legs, as in the first case, must be the same.

An exercise therapy for the treatment of articular articular knee cartilage will bring more benefits if you combine therapeutic exercises with a special massage.

Significant changes in condition with the use of physiotherapy exercises in the patient can occur in 7-10 days.

If you are unable to perform the exercise therapy yourself, it is best to refuse exercises.

Knee joint arthrosis: first symptoms, treatment, prevention and diet

Summing up, they would like to notice that by detecting the first symptoms of the disease, and these are pain in the knee joints and a characteristic crisis, immediately go to the doctor and start special treatment with medication.

A diet that will help with arthrosis.

Immediately if you find arthrosis or to prevent the disease, review your usual diet diet. In the daily diet, there should be a plate of steamed or boiled. It is best if foods that have a beneficial effect on bones, ligaments, knots and cartilage are used in food. Such products include: all legumes, curd cheese, strong varieties of cheese, soup, roasted fish, roasted fish, hazelnuts, almonds, squash, zucchini, carrots, broccoli and cauliflower, prepared on the basis of bones.

One diet described above is not a specific method of treatment, for effective treatment should be used in combination with medicines, medical exercises and massage.

First set of reasons: Inherited and age factors

Succession

Knee joint arthritis is a disease in which an inherited predisposition to it is quite pronounced. So if you are a woman, and your mother suffered from osteoarthritis in any form (not in all-knees), then the probability of getting this disease is 2-3 times higher than on average in the population. If you have sisters and they are also sick with arthritis, then the probability of her appearance is even more.

Moreover, there are diseases with an inherited predisposition affecting connective tissue - so -called collagenosis, which include, for example, a sticler syndrome. In the presence of such defects by collagen - a substance that is part of the ligaments - the probability of developing the disease also increases.

Partly with this set of causes of knee arthritis, diseases of the endocrine system are adhered: diabetes mellitus, lack of female sex hormones in menopause and a number of other conditions.

Age

Unfortunately, the older the person becomes, the higher the risk of osteoarthrosis. This is due to the fact that with the age of the cartilage ability for regeneration and restoration falls, and metabolism in the joints worsens.

So if at the age of 45, this disease suffers from 1. 5 to 3-4% of the population (US data), then almost every third person is ill in the range of 45 to 65 years (30%). And at the age of 65 to 85, the frequency of developing the disease is up to 80 or more percent!

Moreover, in mature age patients, the development of the disease is affected not only from age by itself but also by hormonal changes. So in menopausal women, the probability of developing osteoarthritis increases significantly. This is due to the fact that estrogens - female sex hormones - regulate the processes of metabolism in joints, cartilage, bones and ligaments. When they become smaller (when menopause), metabolism in these tissues worsens and the risk of osteoarthrosis increases significantly.

Second set of causes: Congenital and acquired diseases of the musculoskeletal system

Inflammation

Knee joint inflammation (arthritis, more precisely, directs) is one of the most common causes of gonarthrosis. Unfortunately, most of the microorganisms that penetrate the joint and cause its inflammation contribute to the fact that the delicate cartilage is deformed. At the same time, its food deteriorates significantly, the shape of bone cartilage surfaces changes, etc.

Because of all these reasons, normal cartilage slide on articular bones worries. This leads to additional cartilage trauma, worsens the volume of movements in the union and, to the end, creates a very fertile soil for the development of osteoarthrosis.

Operations and knee injuries

Another common cause of the disease is the presence of knee injuries and surgical interventions in it. Very often there is one and the other - for example, when, as a result of sporting damage, an operational meniscus removal is performed. The normal function of the joint is damaged, the cartilage load changes, intensifying in atypical sites and as a result, knee osteoarthrosis is formed.

Metabolic disorder in the body

The cartilage fabric at the joints is one of the few whose food does not occur through the distribution of nutrients through the blood vessels. The jump is "eaten" by the distribution of nutrients from synovial fluid, as well as directly from the pineal glands according to the same principle.

This is a very delicate and fragile mechanism, therefore, if various metabolic disorders occur in the body, it can break down and stop working. Therefore, some diseases in which metabolism in the body is very concerned can contribute to osteoarthrosis.

Such diseases include primary and secondary gout, joint chondromatosis, hemochromatosis, occasion, as well as Wilson-Konovalov disease and a number of other diseases. Moreover, endocrine diseases can also be added to this group that also affects metabolism throughout the body - diabetes mellitus and lack of female sex hormones in old age due to menopause.

Third group of reasons: Increased loads and microtrauma cartilage

Sport and hard physical work at work

As already mentioned, cartilage is a very delicate mechanism that can disrupt not only the problems of metabolism but also the increase in loads on the knee joint.

This happens quite often with intense sports, as well as when a person's work involves high physical activity, as well as prolonged stay on his feet without the ability to sit and relax.

At the same time, certain muscle groups (for example, the lower leg muscles and thighs) are overload. This exacerbates food in muscles and joints, which means there are problems with metabolism inside the cartilage, when the cartilage simply does not have time to recover after such a strong physical exercise in the union.

Diagnosis of arthrosis

Knee joint arthrosis should be differentiated from rheumatic, inflammatory and some other diseases with similar symptoms.

For this, a standard exam standard has been adopted, which includes a general biochemical blood test, radiographic examination, MRI and ultrasound.

With arthrosis, a blood test does not detect significant deviations from the norm. A change in blood composition, an increase in the level of immune cells and antibodies usually indicates another disease.

Since arthritis is not manifested in analysis in any way, the only reliable way to diagnose is an examination of the hardware.

X -Ray, as the most common and cheapest method of examination, is able to identify the arthrosis and its stage relatively accurately.

In the picture, the structural changes in the joints and bones are clearly distinguished. The X -Ray examination makes it possible to detect structural deformities, determination of defects on the articular surfaces.

For a reliable determination of gonarthrosis and its development phase, an additional examination is used in conjunction with X -Rray: in ultrasound, MRI or CT apparatus.

The methodology for diagnosing arthrosis is designed to ensure accurate detection of the disease in the earliest stages of development, which will treat it effectively.

Unfortunately, due to the specifics of the disease, the effectiveness of this approach is small: patients are prone not to pay attention to poor pain and mild chrome, and are brought to the doctor already in the second or third stages of gonarthrosis.

Additional recommendations: Prevention

Preventive measures are aimed at eliminating the risk factors that lead to the development of arthrosis.

It is recommended to get involved in moderate physical activity. In this case, potential damage, overvoltage and hypothermia of the joints should be avoided.

As mentioned above, no link has been established between the diet and the risk of developing arthrosis.

However, it is recommended to reduce the consumption of salty and spicy foods, alcohol and cigarettes: this will improve the overall condition of the body and reduce the load on the joint.

In the presence of a family history, showing a genetic predisposition, a physical examination must be subjected regularly. In general, prevention of arthritis is to lead a moderate lifestyle. It is important not to start the disease and consult a doctor with the slightest suspicion of arthrosis.